ward off

Hi there,students. Today's phrasal verb is to ward off, to turn aside, to keep away, to keep at a distance, to avert, to prevent, ok. Let me give you some examples, because these things with examples are easy to understand. Ok, I took an umbrella with me to ward off the rain, to keep off the rain, to keep the rain off my head. Ok, to ward off, to keep away,yeah. In the films, they always wear cross and galic to ward off the vampires, to keep the vampires away. Ok, the man tried to hit me with a stick but I used my arm to ward off, to keep away the blow, ok. To ward off, to hold something off, to hold something away. Ok, or for example, the banks are sending me letters, because they want me to pay the money. But my lawyer at the moment is managing to ward them off, to keep them away, ok. So notice, ward them off, is separable and transitive. Yeah, ok, to ward off, to keep away something that is bad for you, something that would hurt you, yeah. So to ward something off, to keep something away. In winter, I put on a thick jersey and a big coat to ward off the cold, to keep the cold away, ok. So to ward off, to keep away, to keep your body save, to keep away something bad that could hurt you, ok. So anyway, if you enjoy the video, give it a rating; subscribe to my channel and I will see you soon. Bye for now.

各位！今天的動詞短語是ward off。ward off有避開、躲避、遠離、避免、躲開的意思。我給大家一些例句，相對容易理解。我帶了把雨傘遮雨，用來擋雨，遮住我的頭。這就是ward off,避開的意思。在電影中，他們通常戴上十字架和關上大蒜來驅趕吸血鬼。那個人想用棍子打我，我用胳膊擋住了這一擊。ward off, 是hold off的意思，將某物隔開。比如，銀行發來很多信件要求我還錢。我的律師正在將他們擋住。注意，ward them off, 此處ward和off是可以分開的，而且可以作為及物動詞來用。to ward off就是避開某件不好的事情，躲避某件將會傷害你的事。在冬季，我穿上厚厚的毛衣和大衣來躲避寒冷。to ward off就是令到你的身體安全，不受不好的東西傷害。好了，如果你喜歡這個錄像，留下一個喜歡的評級；訂閱我的頻道，我將很快和你又見面。

persecute vs. prosecute

Hi there, students. Do you know the difference between persecute and prosecute? Persecute, prosecute, ok, to persecute, is to be hostile to someone, because there are race, because there are religion, because there are political beliefs, because of the, maybe in the football team they support. Ok, to harass , to annoy someone persistently, constantly.So to give somebody a hard time. For example, th spanish in the middle ages persecuted the Jews and made them leave Spain. So they were making things difficult for people, they were making things difficult for Jews, because they didn't like them. Ok, so to persecute someone, to harass consistantly somebody, because there are race, because there are reglion, because there are belief, ok. Now prosecute is very different. Prosecute means to take legal proceedings against somebody. The police prosecuted the theif for stealing, ok. To prosecute, to take to court, yeah. So notice, these are very different things, you could perhaps persecute somebody by prosecuting them for the things they do if you make the laws that are...they break, then you can persecute them by prosecuting them. But notice, these are very different things, prosecute, to take legal proceedings against somebody. To persecute, to harass, to give problems to somebody because they are....different, ok. So anyway, there you go. You are sure you are not going to get these two wrong anymore. If you enjoy the video, give it a rating, subscribe to my channel and I will see you soon. Bye for now.

各位同學！你知道persecute和prosecute之間的區別嗎？對，persecute和prosecute。To persecute是對某人有敵意，可能是因為種族、宗教、信仰，也可能是因為支持某個足球隊，從而持續固定地騷擾、去干擾某人，令到該人很不好過。比如，西班牙人在中世紀時迫害猶太人，令其離開西班牙。他們給猶太人制造很多麻煩事，因為他們不喜歡猶太人。所有，to persecute就是基於種族、宗教及信仰而持續擾某人。prosecute則很不同。prosecute是采取法律程序控告某人的意思。警察控告小偷盜竊。prosecute就是告上法庭的意思。注意，它們是非常不同的兩個意思，如果他們所作的事情觸犯了法律，你或許可以對他們所作的事情提出控告的方式去擾亂他們。所以它們很不同。prosecute是采取法律程序去控告某人的意思；persecute是騷擾、帶給對方麻煩的意思。好了，我相信你們不會再將這兩個詞混淆。如果你喜歡這個錄像，留下一個喜歡評級；訂閱我的頻道，我將很快和你又見面。

tone down

Hi there, students. To tone something down, ok, this is to change the language or perhaps piece of writing or a speech to make it less offensive or less fulsome. Ok, so, could you tone down your language, could you reduce your tone to make it more friendly and less aggressive? You could have a really bright colour orange, that's really shining and you want to tone it down. So maybe you could add some white to the colour and tone down, reduce the intensity of the colour. But normally we tone down, what we are saying, we tone down a letter or we tone down a speech or something that has a message. Yeah, it's something that is very strong, people could easily be offended, you need to tone it down and be more polite. Yeah, to tone down your language, to tone down the way you express something, ok. So you really need to tone it down if you want to get on well with these people. You need to be polite and not use strong language or not use words or phrases that might offend them. Maybe you need to use some euphemisms, ok. So to tone down, to decrease intensity, so somebody or other people won't be shocked , they won't be surprised, they won't be upset, yeah.Ok, to tone it down, to make it less fulsome, less direct, less offensive. Ok, so anyway, if you enjoy the video, give it a rating; subscribe to my channel and I will see you soon. Bye for now.

各位！to tone down某事，是指降低言語（也許是一段書寫內容或講詞）中的冒犯性、厭惡性。你可以tone down你的話嗎？將你的話變得柔和一點。降低你的聲調，令到它友好些，少點侵犯性。對於非常鮮艷的橙色，發光耀眼，你想要tone down，想衝淡它的鮮艷，你可以將寫白色加入其中，to tone down, 減低橙色的強度。但是，通常我們會tone down我們所說的話、一份信、一段演講或者包含信息的內容。由於該內容非常強烈，其他人很容易被冒犯，你需要tone it down，你需要衝淡它，令它柔和，令其更有禮儀性。to tone down你的話，令你表達的內容更加柔和。如果你真想和這些人友好相處，你就要tone down你的話，令其柔和，不要使用語氣太強的詞，不要使用傷害他人的詞語。或許你需要使用一些委婉語。所以，to tone down就是降低語言的強度，令到其他人不至於震驚、驚訝，不至於氣惱。to tone down,就是少些直接性，少些厭惡性，少些冒犯性。好了，如果喜歡這個錄像，留下一個喜歡的評級。訂閱我的頻道，我將很快和你又見面。

glimmer

Hi there, students. A glimmer, to glimmer, ok, to glimmer is to shine, a glimmer, a flash of light. But particularly when the light is reflected. So for example, the moon was glimmering on the surface of the ocean. Ok, it was shinning. Normally a glimmer is not particularly bright or (incandist??). It's quite fade. So a faint glimmer, a very small glimmer, a small shine, ok. Now we can use this alsometaphorically. There was a glimmer of hope that our team might win. A very small of (m...?), a small shine, a small light, there was glimmer of light at the end of tunnel. Ok, a glimmer of light. I explained the situation to him and a glimmer of understanding coming to his mind, a flash of understanding, not complete, but a little bit. Ok, to glimmer. Yeah, a dim or flickering light perhaps in the distant, they can be very close as well, yeah, for example, the candle glimmered in his eyes. Or we could see the fire glimmering through the windows, shinning. Yeah, ok, so normally remember it is a dim light , it is not a strong intense light. The searchlight glimmered in my eyes, no, yeah, the searchlight shined in my eyes, the searchlight shone in my eyes, but not a glimmer, a glimmer must be much less. The stars glimmer in the sky, they (sentelate??), yeah. Ok, so a glimmer, a small shine but can be a small amout, particular a glimmer of hope, yeah, and maybe a glimmer at the end of tunnel. Ok, if you enjoy the video, give it a rating; subscribe to my channel and I will see you soon. Bye for now.



各位！a glimmer, 或者to glimmer是閃爍的意思。a glimmer是一道光亮的意思，特別是指當光被發射回來的時候。比如，月亮光在海面上閃爍，倒映發光。通常a glimmer不會是明亮的，一般是比較淡的光，a faint glimmer, 微弱的光，細微的光，微光在閃爍。我們亦可以用它來比擬。我們的球隊仍有微弱的希望可以贏得比賽。細小的數量，微弱的閃光，細弱的光亮。在隧道盡頭出現一道微弱的光，用比喻的方式表達仍有一線希望。我向他解釋了當前狀況，一絲理解出現在他腦海中，一道光閃現在他腦中，他開始明白了，不是完全明白，但是有點明白了。to glimmer是指在遠處昏暗的、搖曳的光，當然，也可以是近距離的。比如，蠟燭的光在他眼中閃爍，我們可以看到火光透過窗戶搖曳。記住，通常glimmer是昏暗的光，不是十分耀眼的強光。探照燈的光在我眼中閃爍，不，不是這樣用的，探照燈的光在我眼中閃耀著，強烈閃耀，但是不可以用glimmer,glimmer一定是非常微弱。天上繁星閃爍。a glimmer，是閃現的意思，但是十分微弱，一絲微弱的希望，隧道盡頭的一絲光亮。好了，如果你喜歡這個錄像，留下一個喜歡的評級；訂閱我的頻道，我將很快和你又見面。

in the offing

Hi there, students. Have you ever heard the phrase' in the offing' ? In the offing, something that is in the offing is something that is likely to happen soon. You foresee, you view or your think that this is going to happen soon. It can be negative or positive, but I personally think that in the offing is more normally used for positive things. Let's try some examples. I don't have a job at the moment, but I think there is a job in the offing, I think I am going to be able to get a job soon. There is a realistic prospect in the near future that I will get it. I have been trying to sell my car but nobody is interested in it. But I think I have a buyer in the offing. There is someone I have seen or I have talked to or something that is happened, which makes me think someone may realistically want to buy my car in the near future. It's in the offing. Is there any breakfast in the offing? We are going to have something to eat for breakfast soon, ok, breakfast in the offing. Ok, I quite like this phrase 'in the offing', because originally I think "in the offing" is a nautical term, the offing is when you stand on the shore or the beach, and you look out the sea that you can see in front of you, is called the offing. It's the sea near the shore and going out to the (thing?). So this is on the horizon, things, the (??) you can see near to you, so perhaps almost feels like it is coming towards you. So it is in the offing, yeah, if you like. Things are in the offing, in the view in front of you. So to be in the offing, let me give you some synonyms. Ok, in the foreseeable future, in the near future, something that is eminent is in the offing. Yeah, something that is coming close, something that is near. Yeah, maybe something that is coming up, is coming up soon, you think or you imagine that is coming up soon. Yeah, something that is forthcoming, forthcoming is a good synonym for in the offing. You could use booming or brewing as well. There are problems in the offing, there are problems looming, there are problems brewing, yeah. But I think better for in the offing, for positive things although that is not wrong. Impending, yeah, I think I have an impending job, there is a job in the offing, something that is coming, ok. At hand, something that is at hand, something that is in the offing, coming soon. Or even upcoming, upcoming, yeah, coming soon. Or even the phrase on (mocars?), so I think I have a job on (mocars?), I think I have a buyer on (mocars?). So in the offing, something that you really think that is realistically going to happen soon. Yeah, something that is on the cars, something that is on the cars, could happen soon, perhaps even something on the horizon, coming towards you. How about in the pipeline? On the way to you as well. So here we go, in the offing, when you have something in the offing, then is something coming and you think it's forthcoming and going to happen. So I can see your rating for this video is in the offing. And I can also see that your subscribing to my channel is in the offing if you haven't already subscribed. Ok, so in the offing. If you enjoy it, give it a rating; subscribe to this channel and I will see you soon. Bye for now.

 

各位！你們聽說過in the offing這個短語嗎？某件事in the offing，意思是這件事可能很快發生。你做了預測、觀察、思考，認為這件事很快會發生。它可以用在正面或負面意思上，但我個人認為通常in the offing是用在正面意思上的。看看一些例子。我現在沒有工作，但是我認為我會有一份工作in the offing，我認為我能夠很快得到一份工作，對此，有很現實的前景，我可以得到這份工作。我一直在努力出售我的車，但沒有人有興趣。但是我認為會有一個買家in the offing，可能我見過什麼人，和他談過相關的事，此事發生之後，令我相信有人在不遠的將來會買我的車。快有早餐了嗎？我們會很快有早餐的食物。我很喜歡這個in the offing短語，因為我認為它最早出自航海業中。offing的意思是當你站在海灘或岸邊時，望向大海，你所能看到的海，就成為offing。它是從近海到遠離海岸，在地平線範圍，你所能看到的海面，感覺上就像是它在向你走過來一樣。這就是in the offing的意思。in the offing 的事情，就是在你面前所能看到的景像。我給大家一些和in the offing具有近似意思的詞。比如，某件事in the foreseeable future,在不遠的將來，具有明顯的特征，正在向你走近。或者這件事正在coming up, 呼之欲出，通過思考、想像，這件事已經呼之欲出。某件事要forthcoming，forthcoming 是in the offing的近義詞。你也可以用looming或者brewing, 有一個問題in the offing，有一個問題looming, brewing,但我認為用in the offing表達正面意思的情況是較為不錯的，當然，用looming和brewing也沒有錯。也可以用impending，我認為我有一份impending工作，有一份工作in the offing，一份即將到來的工作，某件事即將來臨，in the offing, 即將到來。又或者用upcoming，或者用on (macars?)。所以，in the offing就是你認為某件事確實具有現實性發生的可能且很快發生。某件事on (macars), 很快發生。或許某件事已經出現在地平面，正在向你走來。in the pipeline又怎麼用呢？正在朝向你的方向發展、走近。好了，in the offing就是某件事正在向你走近，呼之欲出，即將發生。我可以看到你會給這個錄像一個喜歡評級，我也可以看到你訂閱這個頻道也是in the offing，如果你還沒有訂閱的話。這就是in the offing的意思。好了，如果喜歡這個錄像，留下一個喜歡評級；訂閱我的頻道，我將很快和你又見面。

scuttle

Hi there, students. Scuttle, yes, scuttle, s c u double t l e, ok, this is a word with various meanings. I think probably the most common is to scuttle , to run. A mouse scuttled across the room. It's got the idea of this little legs moving in panic. The children are scuttling all over the place. Yeah, I live (...rock) and the insight scuttled everywhere, ran and moved rapidly. Ok, to scuttle, ok to go rapidly, maybe in panic, maybe because you are nervous. That's one meaning. Another meaning to scuttle, you can scuttle a ship or a boat. This means to make a hole in the hull in the bottom of your boat. So it sinks. Ok, in order that the enemy don't capture your boat or your ship, yeah. I think the Germany scuttled their ships in Scapa Flow. Ok, to scuttle, to make a ship sink by making a hole in the bottom because you don't want your enemy to catch it, to take it. And then we also use this meaning firguratively. I scuttled his plans to steal my car, to scuttle, to (th..d??), to make bad, to make bad, to stop happening. So he had plans to steal my car, but I scuttled his plans, I destroyed his plans. Ok, and the third meaning, yeah, the third, is a scuttle, a coal scuttle, ok, a scuttle is a metal container, normally like a bucket with a handle, a scuttle that you use to keep coal in. So I am sure if you have coal that your coal is in the shade outside, but to bring it into the house and keep it in the house, you have a scuttle. Maybe it is made of a (bruse??), a coal scuttle, a container for coal in your house, ok. So there we go, those for me three main meanings, to scuttle, o run about, to run in panic, movement in little legs, yeah. To scuttle a ship, to make it sink by opening a hole or to scuttle a plan, to ruin a plan, or to object an idea. And then the last one, a scuttle, a coal scuttle, a container for coal, ok. So something to add to your vocabulary. If you enjoy the video, give it a rating; subscribe to my channel and I will see you soon. Bye for now.

 

各位！scuttle, s-c-u-t-t-l-e,這個詞有多重意思。我認為最常用的意思是to scuttle, 跑的意思。一只老鼠scuttle across這個房間，老鼠跑過房間。此處的意思是來自於小腳們驚慌疾馳。孩子們在那裡到處急跑。我住在（），那裡的昆蟲到處亂爬，急速跑動、移動。跑得很急促，也許是驚慌失措，也許是太緊張。這是一個意思。scuttle的另一個意思是to scuttle一艘船或小艇，意思是在船底鑿出一個洞令到小艇沉水，避免敵人得到船或小艇。我認為德國人在斯卡帕灣將他們的船鑿沉了。to scuttle a ship, 就是在船底鑿出一個洞令到它沉底，避免令敵人得到。我們也可以用比喻的方式使用scuttle。我scuttle了他偷我的車的計劃。to scuttle,就是對某人使壞，破壞，阻止某事發生。他有偷我車的計劃， 但是我scuttle了他的計劃，阻止破壞了該計劃。第三個意思是a coal scuttle, 煤箱。a scuttle是一個箱形容器，像一個桶一樣，通常有一個把手，用來保存煤。我相信如果你有些煤在室外陰暗處，如果你要將煤搬入房間並存放在房間裡，你需要一個scuttle，煤箱。也許它是用（）制成的，a coal scuttle,房屋裡用來存放煤的容器。好了，scuttle有三個主要意思, to scuttle, 到處跑，緊張地跑動，用小腳丫急速跑動。to scuttle一只船，在船底鑿出一個洞令到其沉底，或者scuttle一個計劃，摧毀這個計劃，或者反對一個想法；最後是a coal scuttle, 保存煤的煤箱。補充在你詞彙表上吧。如果你喜歡這個錄像，留下一個喜歡評級；訂閱我的頻道，我將很快和你又見面。

settle up

Hi there,students. Today we are going to look at the phrasal verb 'to settle up'. To settle up for something with somebody. O, to settle, we can use to mean to pay a bill, to settle a bill. But we use settle up meaning the same idea to pay what you owe. Maybe different people who put different amount of money into a common fund and it needs to be distributed in the right way, you settle up. Do you think you can lend me 10 pounds and I will settle up at the end of week, I will pay you at the end of the week. Ok, so you've done several jobs for me, but I can't pay you yet. Could we settle up in a couple of weeks, could I pay you, could we work out exactly what I owe you, how much I owe. Yeah, it's time to go home and leave the restaurant. I'd better settle up for our meal with the waiter, ok, to settle up. Yeah, to settle up, to pay a debt, to pay a debt (of you??). So in times of crisis, people are very bad at settling up their bills, yeah. Ok, to pay, to pay what you owe, to pay someone what you owe, to pay, you share of something. Particularly to someone or to a group or to an organization. If somebody has done something for you, you need to settle up , to pay, ok. so (it is make payment???). Notice, without the for something and with somebody, it's normally intransitive. So it's time to settle up, it's time to pay, intranstive. You want to make it transitive settle up for something with somebody, ok. So maybe (at the end of month and time to settle up???). Anyway, I hope you enjoy the video. If you did, give it a rating, subscribe to my channel and I wil see you soon. Bye for now.

各位！今天我們來看看動詞短語to settle up。to settle up for something with somebody。to settle，我們可以用來表示支付一張賬單，to settle a bill, 我們用to settle up來表述同樣的意思，即支付你所欠的東西。或許人們會將不同數額的資金存入共同基金，然後需要用正確的方式去分發，這就是to settle up。你可不可以借給我100磅？我會在周末settle it up, 在周末清還。你幫我做了幾件事，但我目前無法支付你費用，我可以在幾星期內付錢給你嗎？我們可以仔細算出究竟我欠你多少錢嗎？到了回家並離開餐廳的時間，我需要和侍應結清賬單。to settle up, 去清償債務，在經濟危機時期，大家的償債能力都很差。to settle up,就是支付你所欠下的錢。支付他人你所欠下錢，承擔你應分擔的債務，特別是針對某人或一群人或是某個機構。如果某人幫你做了一件事，你應該to settle up, 你應該償付費用。如果不用for something和with somebody, 通常to settle up 屬於不及物動詞。所以，是settle up的時間了，是付賬的時間了，此處是及物動詞。如果你想令到其變成及物動詞，可以在後面用to settle up for something with somebody。也許月底是支付賬單的時間了。好了，如果你喜歡這個錄像，留下一個‘喜歡’評級；訂閱我的頻道，我將很快和你又見面。